For boat owners, visibility during adverse weather conditions is critical for safety and comfort. A functioning windshield wiper system is essential for maintaining clear vision while navigating open waters. The AFI brand, along with other marine-grade manufacturers such as Imtra, Marinco, and Vetus, offers specialized wiper and washer systems designed for marine environments. This article provides a detailed overview of the AFI wiper motor installation process, common issues encountered during installation, and practical troubleshooting steps based on user experiences and technical documentation.
Overview of AFI Wiper Motors and Installation Requirements
AFI wiper motors are commonly used in marine applications due to their durability and compatibility with 12-volt marine electrical systems. These motors are designed to withstand the harsh conditions typical of boating environments, including exposure to moisture, salt, and vibration. The AFI 80° wiper motor is frequently referenced in the provided sources as a suitable option for port-side installations. However, selecting the correct model requires careful attention to specifications such as shaft size, which is available in 1", 2", 2.5", and up to 3.5".
Installation of an AFI wiper motor involves more than just mounting the motor. It typically requires additional components such as a pantograph arm, fluid canister, washer head, and electrical wiring. Users have reported success with Imtra’s Coastal Plus wiper system, which includes a pantograph arm and windshield-washer kit. This system has been noted for its robustness and reliability in marine conditions.
Installation Steps and Tools Required
Based on the experiences shared by users and the technical details provided in the source material, the installation of an AFI wiper motor generally follows these steps:
Preparation and Planning:
Before beginning the installation, it is important to measure the space where the wiper motor will be mounted. Users have emphasized the importance of precise measurements to ensure the motor fits correctly, particularly when mounting on the starboard (STBD) side. The shaft size must be selected carefully to match the dimensions of the mounting location.Component Selection:
Users have reported sourcing parts from various manufacturers, including Imtra, Marinco, and AFI. The components typically include:- AFI 80° wiper motor (12-volt)
- Pantograph arm
- Fluid canister with pump
- Washer head
- 6 mm hose
- Marine wire connectors, wire, and a circuit breaker or in-line fuse for the 12-volt electrical system
Tools and Materials:
The following tools are commonly used during installation:- Diagonal cutters
- Wire crimpers
- Wire strippers
- Drill motor
- Drill bits (5/16 inch for 6 mm washer hose and 9/16 inch for wiper motor shaft)
- Metal ruler (optional but recommended for accuracy)
- Masking tape (for marking and protecting the boat’s surface)
Mounting the Wiper Motor:
The motor is typically mounted using stainless-steel fasteners to ensure durability and resistance to corrosion. Users have recommended using marine silicone sealant when attaching self-tapping screws to prevent water ingress. A metal ruler can be useful for ensuring precise alignment of the motor and wiper arm.Electrical Connections:
The 12-volt electrical system must be properly configured to power the wiper motor. This includes wiring the motor to the boat’s power source and installing a circuit breaker or in-line fuse to protect against electrical faults.Testing the System:
Once installed, the wiper motor should be tested to ensure it operates correctly. Users have noted that a functioning motor should provide consistent and reliable performance, with the wiper arm moving smoothly across the windshield.
Common Installation Challenges and Troubleshooting
Several users have reported challenges during the installation process, particularly with older models and replacement components. One common issue is the failure of the wiper motor’s internal plastic gear, which can cause the motor to stop functioning entirely. In some cases, the failed motor may not be available for replacement, as noted in the case of the Marinco model #37282 (AFI-GM2). A potential solution is to use a direct bolt-in replacement, such as the Marinco model #71182 (AFI 1.5), although this may not fit perfectly in all installations due to dimensional differences.
Another reported issue is the malfunction of the rocker switch for the port-side wiper. Some users have described a situation where the switch does not stay engaged and simply returns to its neutral position. In such cases, it may be necessary to replace the switch or inspect it for internal damage or wear. Users have recommended measuring the dimensions of the original switch and comparing them to potential replacements to ensure compatibility.
Removing an existing wiper motor can also be challenging, particularly if the unit has been in place for several years and is subject to corrosion. Users have described difficulty in detaching the motor arm due to the presence of a set screw or washer that prevents the arm from being removed. In these cases, it may be necessary to use penetrating oil or heat to loosen the fasteners before attempting to remove the assembly.
Compatibility Considerations and Dimensional Issues
When replacing an AFI wiper motor, it is important to consider dimensional compatibility, especially in models where the wiper motor is integrated with other components such as a center vent window. In some cases, a replacement motor may be too wide or too deep, preventing the vent window from closing properly. For example, the Marinco model #71182 (AFI 1.5) is noted to be slightly wider and deeper than the original model (#37281), which can cause issues with the closure of the center vent window. In such situations, it may be necessary to source a used or broken unit to obtain specific internal components, such as the plastic gear, for repair rather than full replacement.
Conclusion
The installation of an AFI wiper motor on a boat requires careful planning, precise measurements, and the use of appropriate tools and materials. While the process can be complex, particularly when dealing with older models or replacement components, the availability of marine-grade parts from manufacturers like Imtra, Marinco, and AFI provides users with viable options for maintaining or upgrading their windshield wiper systems. Common challenges, such as gear failure, switch malfunction, and dimensional incompatibility, can often be resolved through careful troubleshooting and replacement of specific components. For boat owners seeking to improve visibility and safety during adverse weather conditions, investing time and effort into a properly installed wiper system is a worthwhile endeavor.