Acrylic bathtubs have become a popular choice for homeowners and DIYers seeking an upgrade to their bathrooms due to their lightweight design, affordability, and ease of maintenance. Unlike traditional cast-iron or steel tubs, acrylic tubs are made from molded plastic, making them easier to install and less prone to rust or corrosion. However, proper installation is crucial to ensuring the longevity and functionality of the bathtub.
This guide draws from verified documentation and installation manuals to outline the essential steps, materials, tools, and precautions for a successful acrylic bathtub installation. Whether you're planning to replace an old tub or install a new one, this article will help you understand the process and avoid common pitfalls.
Understanding Acrylic Bathtubs
An acrylic bathtub is constructed from sheets of acrylic plastic, which are heated and vacuum-formed into a mold. This manufacturing process allows for a wide range of shapes, sizes, and colors, making acrylic tubs highly versatile. The most popular colors are white, off-white, and cream, though custom options are also available.
Acrylic is a durable and lightweight material, which makes these tubs easier to handle during installation compared to heavier alternatives like cast iron. Additionally, acrylic is non-porous, meaning it resists staining and is easier to clean. However, it is important to note that not all acrylic is created equal—some cheaper options may be more prone to scratches or cracking if not properly maintained.
Acrylic tubs are often installed in an alcove, where three walls are framed with 2×4 or steel studs, and the fourth side is left open. This design allows for a more spacious bathing area and integrates well with surrounding wall finishes.
Preparing for Installation
Before beginning the installation process, it is essential to review the manufacturer’s instructions and consult local building codes. Many jurisdictions require a permit for major bathroom renovations, and plumbing work must adhere to local regulations.
Framing and Support
Acrylic tubs are not self-supporting and must be supported along their entire bottom. This typically involves constructing a recessed area with 2×4 or steel studs spaced 16 inches on center. The framing must be plumb and square to ensure proper alignment of the tub and plumbing components.
A critical step in the framing process is ensuring that the subfloor is strong enough to support the weight of the tub, water, and the user. The recommended method for supporting the tub is to apply a bed of mortar or grout underneath it, which distributes the load evenly and prevents sagging or cracking over time.
Materials and Tools
The following materials are typically required for an acrylic bathtub installation:
- Mortar or grout mix
- Nails or drywall screws
- Silicone sealant
- Plumber’s putty
- 1x3 or 2x4 stringers for leveling
- Drop cloth
The tools needed include a level, square, tape measure, pipe wrench, slip joint pliers, screwdriver, and a caulking gun. Safety equipment such as gloves and goggles should also be worn during installation to protect against dust, sharp edges, and chemical exposure.
It is also important to inspect the tub for any damage before installation. A cracked or dented corner, for example, may compromise the integrity of the tub and lead to leaks. If any damage is found, the tub should be returned or replaced before proceeding.
Installation Process
Step 1: Leveling and Support
Once the framing is complete, the next step is to level the tub and support it properly. Stringers are used to level the tub deck but should not be relied on to support the weight of the tub. Instead, a bed of mortar is applied to the subfloor beneath the tub to provide a stable foundation.
To prepare the mortar, mix it with water according to the manufacturer’s instructions, aiming for a consistency similar to wet sand. The mortar should be poured into the recess and troweled into place before setting. The tub is then positioned within the recess until the rim is level with the stringers. It is important to note that the rim of the tub should not bear the weight of the tub—this should be supported by the mortar bed.
Allow the mortar to fully harden before proceeding with the next steps. This ensures that the tub is secure and stable.
Step 2: Plumbing Connections
Proper alignment of the tub’s plumbing components is crucial for the functionality of the bathtub. The tub should be connected to the home’s drain system, and all joints must be sealed with a flexible, mildew-proof sealant.
A universal drain kit with PVC components is often used to connect the tub to the waste line. It is important to follow the manufacturer’s instructions for the placement and size of the drain opening. Once the drain is installed, it should be tightened securely and sealed to prevent leaks.
Step 3: Securing the Tub
After the plumbing is complete, the tub is secured to the wall studs using nails or drywall screws and flat washers. The tub should be fastened above the flange to ensure it is stable and does not shift during use.
It is also important to check the level of the tub both front to back and side to side. If the tub is not level, it may cause water to pool unevenly or create stress on the structure. Adjustments can be made using shims or by reapplying mortar as needed.
Step 4: Waterproofing and Wall Surround
To protect the surrounding walls from water damage, it is essential to waterproof the area around the tub. Cement board and liquid waterproofer are commonly used for this purpose. Once the walls are prepared, tile adhesive and wall tiles can be applied to complete the surround.
An integrated shelf and mosaic stripe can be added for both functionality and aesthetics. These details not only improve the visual appeal of the bathroom but also enhance the overall user experience.
Maintenance and Longevity
Proper maintenance is key to ensuring the longevity of an acrylic bathtub. Unlike traditional materials, acrylic is resistant to mold, mildew, and staining, but it is sensitive to certain chemicals. Harsh cleaners or abrasive materials should be avoided, as they can scratch the surface and reduce the shine of the tub.
Bath Fitter® recommends using a mild, non-abrasive cleaner and a soft cloth for regular cleaning. It is also important to avoid using scouring pads or scrub brushes, which can damage the high-gloss finish.
Acrylic tubs are designed to last a lifetime when installed and maintained correctly. A lifetime warranty is often included with high-quality products, such as those offered by Bath Fitter®. This warranty ensures that the tub is free from defects and will remain functional and aesthetically pleasing for years to come.
Professional Installation vs. DIY
While many homeowners choose to install an acrylic bathtub themselves, it is important to consider the complexity of the project. Framing, plumbing, and waterproofing all require a certain level of skill and experience. For those unfamiliar with these tasks, hiring a professional may be the best option.
Bath Fitter® offers a professional installation service that includes a no-demolition process. The acrylic bathtub liner is installed over the existing tub, providing a watertight and seamless fit. This method reduces installation time and minimizes disruption to the home.
Professional installation also ensures that the tub is properly aligned with the plumbing and that all connections are secure. In addition, it helps ensure compliance with local building codes and regulations.
Conclusion
Acrylic bathtubs offer a durable, lightweight, and stylish solution for homeowners looking to upgrade their bathrooms. With the right tools, materials, and knowledge, the installation process can be completed successfully, resulting in a functional and aesthetically pleasing space.
Whether you choose to install the tub yourself or hire a professional, following the manufacturer’s instructions and adhering to local building codes is essential. Proper support, leveling, and waterproofing are key to ensuring the longevity and performance of the tub.
With the right care and maintenance, an acrylic bathtub can last a lifetime and continue to enhance the beauty and functionality of your bathroom.