Installing a Fiberon composite deck is a rewarding project that combines aesthetic appeal with long-term durability. Fiberon decking is known for its low-maintenance properties and eco-friendly composition, making it a popular choice among homeowners and contractors alike. Whether you're planning a new deck or replacing an existing one, following the correct installation procedures is essential to ensure the structure remains stable, functional, and visually appealing for years to come.
This guide provides a detailed breakdown of the installation process, covering critical aspects such as joist spacing, fastening techniques, temperature considerations, and maintenance practices. The information is derived from official installation guidelines and frequently asked questions provided by Fiberon. By adhering to these instructions, you can ensure a secure and professional finish that preserves the warranty and longevity of your deck.
Preparing for Installation
Before beginning the installation of Fiberon decking, it is important to gather the necessary tools and materials and prepare the site accordingly. A well-organized setup and accurate planning are key to a smooth and efficient project.
Essential Tools and Materials
To install Fiberon decking, you will need a range of tools and materials that ensure precision, durability, and ease of assembly. The following items are recommended:
- Measuring tape and square: These tools are essential for accurate layout and alignment.
- Circular saw or miter saw: Used for cutting decking boards to size. If a power saw is unavailable, a hand saw can be used, although it will require more time and effort.
- Drill and driver bits: For securing fasteners and hidden clips.
- Level: Ensures the foundation and joists are even.
- Chalk line: Helps mark straight lines across the work area.
- Fiberon recommended fasteners or hidden fastening systems: These ensure a secure and aesthetically pleasing finish.
- PVC fascia (if required): A high-quality exterior adhesive must be applied to the back of the fascia for proper installation.
- Joist hangers and screws: Used to fasten joists to supporting beams or ledger boards.
Site Preparation and Foundation
The foundation of the deck must be solid, level, and in compliance with local building codes. Depending on the deck's height and location, the foundation may include concrete footings or other support structures. It is important to ensure the foundation is level using a high-quality leveling tool. An uneven foundation can lead to alignment issues and affect the overall stability of the deck.
For decks installed over a concrete patio, Fiberon decking can be installed using a sleeper system or by ensuring there is adequate ventilation and a minimum of 1.4 inches (4 cm) between the joists and the ground. This prevents moisture buildup and ensures proper air circulation beneath the deck.
Laying the Joists
Joists are the framework that supports the deck boards and must be laid with precision to ensure long-term stability and structural integrity. The spacing between joists is critical, as it affects the load-bearing capacity and the appearance of the finished deck.
Joist Spacing
For most residential applications, Fiberon recommends a joist spacing of 16 inches on center. This spacing provides adequate support for the deck boards and helps prevent sagging or warping under normal use conditions. However, for commercial settings or specific applications such as stair treads, it is important to consult the official installation instructions for any adjustments in spacing requirements.
Marking and Cutting Joists
Before laying the joists, mark their locations based on the calculated spacing. A chalk line can be used to create straight and consistent guidelines across the work area. Joists should be cut to the correct length and positioned perpendicular to the planned direction of the deck boards. Each joist must rest securely on the supporting beams or ledger board, and all joists should be parallel and evenly spaced.
Securing the Joists
Once the joists are in place, they should be fastened using joist hangers or other recommended hardware. Screws or nails should be used according to the manufacturer's specifications. After securing the joists, it is important to double-check that each one is level and properly aligned. For larger decks or areas with heavy foot traffic, adding cross-bracing between joists can provide additional stability.
Checking Alignment and Level
After every few joists are installed, it is important to step back and assess the overall alignment and level of the framework. Making adjustments at this stage is easier than correcting them after the joists are fully secured. Any misalignment or unevenness should be addressed before proceeding with the installation of the deck boards.
Installing the Deck Boards
With the joists in place, the next step is to install the Fiberon decking boards. This stage is crucial in bringing the deck to life and ensuring the boards are properly aligned and secured.
Starting at the House
If the deck is adjacent to a house or other structure, it is recommended to begin laying the boards parallel to the building. This provides a clean and visually appealing starting point and helps ensure a proper starting line.
Positioning and Securing the First Board
The first board should be positioned straight and aligned with the layout. It should be secured using Fiberon's recommended fasteners or hidden fastening systems, which provide a clean finish without visible screws. Hidden fasteners are particularly useful for achieving a seamless and aesthetically pleasing look.
Continuing with Subsequent Boards
Once the first board is in place, work outward, laying each board parallel to the previous one. Use spacers or follow the built-in groove system to maintain consistent spacing between the boards. This spacing is important to accommodate any expansion and contraction due to temperature changes. For installations in temperatures of 50°F (10°C) or higher, a 1/8 inch (3 mm) spacing is recommended between the edges and ends. For temperatures below 50°F (10°C), a 3/16 inch (5 mm) spacing is advised.
Checking Alignment and Level
As with the joists, it is important to regularly check the alignment and level of the deck boards as they are installed. Any deviations should be corrected before proceeding to the next board. This helps ensure the deck remains stable and visually appealing.
Fastening Techniques and Best Practices
Proper fastening is essential to the longevity and appearance of the deck. The following guidelines should be followed to ensure a secure and durable installation.
Avoiding Over-Tightening
Over-tightening screws can lead to buckling or cracking of the boards. It is important to follow the manufacturer's recommendations for tightening torque and to avoid using excessive force when securing fasteners.
Screws and Board Edges
Screws should not be installed within 1.5 inches of the board end or within 1 inch of the board side. Installing screws in these areas can result in immediate or eventual cracking, compromising the structural integrity of the deck.
Using Fiberon Fasteners
Only Fiberon-recommended fasteners should be used for the installation. Using fasteners from another manufacturer may void the warranty and result in an unsatisfactory installation. For example, Trex Universal Clips do not hold the boards securely during thermal expansion and contraction, leading to potential end-gapping issues.
PVC Fascia Installation
When installing PVC fascia, a zigzag bead of high-quality exterior adhesive should be applied to the entire length of the back (the smooth side). The adhesive should be applied within 2 inches of the edges and ends to ensure proper adhesion and durability.
Thermal Expansion and Contraction
Fiberon decking is designed to expand and contract with temperature changes. Proper spacing between boards is essential to accommodate this movement and prevent warping or buckling.
Temperature Considerations
The recommended spacing between boards depends on the ambient temperature during installation. For installations at 50°F (10°C) or higher, a 1/8 inch (3 mm) spacing is recommended between the edges and ends. For installations below 50°F (10°C), a 3/16 inch (5 mm) spacing is advised.
Expansion Gaps
When fitting boards against a house or other fixed structure, a small expansion gap of approximately 1/4 inch should be left. This gap allows for any expansion while maintaining a neat and professional appearance.
Maintenance and Cleaning
Fiberon decking is known for its low-maintenance properties, but regular cleaning and care are still necessary to ensure the deck remains in optimal condition.
Cleaning the Deck
For routine cleaning, a simple solution of soap and water or a mild cleaner can be used to remove dirt, debris, and stains. This helps maintain the high-end look of the deck and ensures it remains a pleasant outdoor space for years to come.
Preventing Mold Growth
While Fiberon decking is resistant to mold and mildew, it is important to maintain proper ventilation and avoid standing water on the surface. Regular cleaning and prompt removal of moisture can help prevent mold growth and maintain the deck's appearance.
Additional Installation Tips
Picture-Framing
Picture-framing refers to the process of adding a border around the edge of a deck or porch. On a composite deck, picture frames are constructed using square-edge boards and mitered corners. This technique provides a clean and finished look to the edges of the deck.
Hidden Fasteners
Hidden fastening systems are recommended for a clean and seamless finish. These systems are only compatible with grooved edge boards and not square end boards. Using hidden fasteners ensures that the deck has a smooth and professional appearance without visible screws.
Sleeper Systems
For installations over a concrete patio, a sleeper system is recommended to allow for proper ventilation and support. This system involves installing joists directly on a solid sub-structure, ensuring the deck remains stable and free from moisture-related issues.
Conclusion
Installing Fiberon decking requires careful planning, precise execution, and adherence to manufacturer guidelines. By following the recommended joist spacing, fastening techniques, and temperature considerations, you can ensure a stable, durable, and aesthetically pleasing deck. Proper site preparation, including a level foundation and adequate ventilation, is essential to the long-term performance of the deck. Additionally, regular cleaning and maintenance will help preserve the appearance and functionality of the deck for years to come.
Whether you are a DIY enthusiast or a professional contractor, installing Fiberon decking is a rewarding project that can transform any outdoor space. By following the detailed steps and best practices outlined in this guide, you can confidently complete a high-quality deck that meets both functional and aesthetic expectations.