The installation of a linear shower drain offers a modern aesthetic and efficient water drainage solution for shower spaces. This article details the process of installing a linear shower drain, covering preparation, necessary tools and materials, installation steps, and considerations for both DIY enthusiasts and those considering professional installation. The documentation emphasizes the importance of adhering to local plumbing and building codes throughout the process.
Types of Linear Shower Drains
Linear shower drains are primarily categorized into two types: grate linear shower drains and tile insert linear shower drains. Grate linear shower drains feature a surface-mounted grate that covers the drain opening, preventing larger objects from entering the drainpipe. Tile insert linear shower drains are also surface-mounted but allow for the grate to be covered with matching tile, creating a seamless and contemporary appearance. Further variations include in-wall linear shower drains, where the drain body is concealed within the wall while the grate remains visible, and invisible linear shower drains, offering a more minimalist design.
Preparation Before Installation
Proper preparation is crucial for a successful linear shower drain installation. The first step involves thoroughly understanding the installation procedure by carefully reviewing the manufacturer’s instructions. These guidelines outline the entire process and specify the required materials and tools. It is also essential to determine the ideal drain position, considering existing plumbing lines, the slope of the shower floor, and other functional factors. Adherence to state and local plumbing codes is paramount to ensure safety, prevent clogs, and conserve water, potentially requiring permissions from the local building department.
Tools and Materials Required
Installing a linear shower drain requires a specific set of tools and materials. Documentation lists the following as commonly needed: thinset, silicone sealant, pea gravel (approximately 32 ounces), a level, and potentially a saw or cutter for modifying drain lines. Materials also include the linear shower drain itself, a rubber drain gasket, and a drain flange coupling. The documentation notes that specific equipment needs may vary depending on the type of drain being installed.
Measuring and Marking the Drain Location
The initial installation step involves accurately measuring and marking the desired drain location. This location can be positioned along a wall, in the middle of the shower, or near the shower entrance, depending on preference and existing plumbing. If renovating an existing shower, utilizing the existing drain line can simplify the process. If relocating the drain, a 3.5-inch circular hole may need to be drilled using a saw cutter, with the center of the drain positioned approximately 2.5 to 3 inches from the back wall. Accurate measurements are critical for proper alignment and functionality.
Calculating Drain Height
Precise height calculation is essential to ensure the drain grate sits level with the surrounding shower floor tile. The ideal height difference between the drain with and without the grate cover should be no more than 1/16 inch. To achieve this, the base and linear drain can be temporarily placed into the drain line, and the height marked on the shower wall. This measurement will guide the installation process and prevent uneven surfaces.
Installing Waterproof Liner and Clamp Rings
To protect against water damage, mold growth, and rot, a waterproof liner should be installed over the pre-pan mortar. The liner should extend at least 6 inches up the sides of the shower wall. Securing the liner requires screws and clamp rings to create a watertight seal. This is achieved by cutting a hole in the liner matching the drain opening, attaching clamping rings to the base drain, and using nails along the liner’s edges.
Applying Mortar and Ensuring Proper Slope
After installing the waterproof liner, mortar is applied over the liner, starting from the drain and extending towards the wall. A level should be used to create a slope of 1-2° from the wall to the drain, facilitating efficient water flow. It is important to leave sufficient space for the final thinset and tile application, ensuring the top of the drain remains level and 1/16 inch below the adjacent tile.
Tiling and Sealing the Cover
The final step involves tiling and sealing the drain cover. Re-measuring the height is recommended to confirm the drain is properly leveled with the floor. The linear drain is then connected to the base drain, and a top-pan mortar mixture is used to seal the cover with tile. This completes the installation process, resulting in a functional and aesthetically pleasing linear shower drain.
DIY vs. Professional Installation
The documentation acknowledges that installing a linear shower drain can be undertaken by both professionals and individuals with some plumbing experience. However, it highlights the trade-offs between DIY and professional installation. DIY installation is cost-effective, eliminating labor costs, but requires an investment in tools and can be time-consuming for amateurs. It also carries a risk of damage due to a lack of plumbing experience. Professional installation, while more expensive, saves time and effort and minimizes the risk of damage. The choice between DIY and professional installation depends on individual skill level, available time, and budget.
Ensuring Compliance with TCNA Standards
Before beginning the installation process, it is crucial to ensure the shower floor is level and meets the standards set by the Tile Council of North America (TCNA). This foundational step ensures the proper functioning and longevity of the linear shower drain system. The documentation specifically references TCNA standards as a benchmark for quality and performance.
Detailed Measurement Procedures
The documentation provides specific measurement instructions. Overall width should be measured from one sidewall to the other. The distance from the rear wall to the inside face of the curb (labeled as 'A') should be recorded. The distance to the center of the vertical drainpipe from both the side wall and the rear wall (labeled as 'B') should also be noted, along with the depth of the drain (labeled as 'C'). The height of the vertical drainpipe should be 1-¼ inches below the top of the subfloor when solvent welding. These measurements serve as critical reference points throughout the installation.
Conclusion
Installing a linear shower drain requires careful planning, accurate measurements, and adherence to established plumbing codes. Whether undertaken as a DIY project or by a professional, the process involves several key steps, from preparing the shower floor and installing a waterproof liner to applying mortar and sealing the drain cover. By following the guidelines outlined in the documentation, homeowners can achieve a stylish and functional shower space with efficient water drainage.