Installing a K&N air filter is a process achievable for many vehicle owners with basic tools and patience. K&N Engineering, Inc. manufactures high-performance automotive parts, notably air filters constructed from layers of cotton gauze treated with a special oil. This design allows for increased airflow compared to standard paper filters, potentially leading to improved engine performance and fuel efficiency. This article details the installation process for both K&N replacement filters and complete cold air intake systems, as well as proper cleaning and maintenance procedures.
Understanding K&N Air Filters
K&N filters are chosen for their potential to enhance vehicle performance. The increased airflow allows the engine to “breathe” more efficiently, potentially increasing horsepower and torque. There are two primary types of K&N air filter products: replacement filters and cold air intake (CAI) systems. A K&N replacement filter is designed as a direct substitute for the factory-installed air filter, fitting within the existing airbox. Conversely, a K&N cold air intake system replaces the entire factory air intake system—including the airbox, intake tube, and filter—typically utilizing a conical K&N filter.
Checking K&N Air Filter Fitment
Prior to installation, verifying the correct filter fitment is crucial. The most reliable method is to use the vehicle selector tool on the official K&N website. Users input their vehicle’s year, make, model, and engine size. The website then displays compatible K&N products, including both standard replacement filters and complete cold air intake kits. It is essential to carefully match the part number suggested by the website with the part number on the purchased K&N filter. If uncertainty exists, consulting K&N’s customer service or a reputable auto parts store is recommended.
Tools and Materials Required
Successful installation requires having the necessary tools readily available. The following tools are typically needed:
- Screwdriver Set: Both Phillips and flathead screwdrivers are commonly used for airbox clamps and fasteners.
- Socket Wrench Set: Various socket sizes may be required for bolts and nuts securing the airbox or intake components.
- Pliers: Needle-nose pliers can be helpful for manipulating stubborn clips or hoses.
- Gloves: To maintain clean hands and protect against sharp edges.
- Safety Glasses: Recommended for eye protection during vehicle maintenance.
- Clean Rags or Shop Towels: For wiping down surfaces and cleaning up spills.
- K&N Recharger Kit (for cleaning/maintenance): Includes cleaning spray and filter oil.
- Water Source: For rinsing the filter during cleaning.
- Low-Pressure Air Source (optional): For drying the filter, though air drying is generally sufficient.
Step-by-Step K&N Air Filter Installation
The installation process focuses on replacing the factory paper air filter with a K&N high-flow replacement filter. More complex installations, such as a full K&N cold air intake install, require referencing the specific instructions included with that kit.
Step 1: Locate the Vehicle’s Air Filter Box
The air filter is housed within the airbox, typically a black plastic or metal enclosure connected to the engine’s intake manifold. The airbox is usually found under the hood, with a large hose (intake tube) extending from it towards the engine. Common locations include the passenger side or driver side of the engine bay.
Step 2: Access the Air Filter
The airbox is secured by clamps, fasteners, or clips. These must be carefully released to open the airbox and access the air filter.
Step 3: Remove the Old Air Filter
Carefully lift the old air filter straight out of its housing. Note the orientation of the old filter, as this will aid in correctly installing the new one. The rubber gasket edge typically sits against the airbox. The old filter will likely be rectangular or square, constructed from paper or synthetic material, and may appear dirty or clogged.
Step 4: Clean the Air Filter Box (Optional)
Cleaning the airbox while it is open is recommended to prevent old dirt from entering the engine with the new filter and to ensure a proper seal. Use a clean rag or shop towel to wipe down the inside of the airbox. For significant debris, a vacuum cleaner with a crevice tool or a soft brush can be used. Ensure the airbox is completely dry and free of loose particles before proceeding.
Step 5: Install the New K&N Air Filter
The K&N filter is designed to drop directly into the factory airbox. Ensure the rubber gasket or seal around the filter’s edge sits snugly against the airbox housing to create a proper seal. Gently place the new K&N air filter into the airbox, mirroring the orientation of the old filter.
Step 6: Secure the Airbox
Reattach the airbox clamps, fasteners, or clips to securely close the airbox. Ensure all connections are tight and properly sealed.
Step 7: Final Cleanup
Dispose of the old air filter properly. Wipe down any tools used. Close the vehicle’s hood.
K&N Cold Air Intake Install Considerations
Installing a K&N cold air intake system is more complex than a simple filter swap. It involves removing the stock intake components and installing new ones, potentially requiring the relocation of sensors and the connection of various hoses. It is crucial to carefully follow the specific instructions provided with the kit. Benefits of a CAI system include significantly improved airflow, cooler air intake, a more aggressive engine sound, and potentially greater horsepower and torque gains. Performance gains are generally more substantial with a CAI system compared to a replacement filter.
K&N Air Filter Cleaning and Maintenance
K&N filters are reusable, but require periodic cleaning and maintenance to maintain optimal performance. K&N recommends cleaning filters every 30,000 to 50,000 miles, depending on driving conditions. Cleaning should be performed if the filter appears visibly dirty or clogged, if the recommended mileage interval is reached, or if a decrease in engine performance or fuel economy is observed.
Cleaning Procedure (Using K&N Recharger Kit):
- Remove the Filter: Follow steps 1-3 from the installation guide to remove the filter.
- Apply Cleaner: Generously spray K&N Air Filter Cleaner onto both sides of the filter and let it soak for approximately 10 minutes. Do not allow the cleaner to dry on the filter.
- Rinse the Filter: Rinse the filter with cool, low-pressure water from the inside out to remove dirt and cleaner.
- Clean the Airbox: While the filter is soaking, clean the airbox as described in Step 4 of the installation guide.
- Dry the Filter: Gently shake off excess water and allow the filter to air dry completely. Do not use compressed air, as it can damage the cotton gauze.
- Apply Filter Oil: Once dry, apply K&N Filter Oil evenly along the crown of each pleat. Avoid over-oiling; the oil should slightly darken the cotton.
- Let the Oil Distribute: Allow the oil to soak into the filter for about 20 minutes.
- Wipe Excess Oil: Wipe away any excess oil from the rubber parts and seals with a clean rag.
- Reinstall the Filter: Reinstall the clean and oiled filter back into the airbox, following steps 5-7 of the installation guide.
Important Note: Always use the K&N Recharger Kit specifically designed for their filters. Using other cleaning agents or oils can damage the cotton gauze and oil treatment.
Conclusion
Installing and maintaining a K&N air filter is a straightforward process that can potentially improve vehicle performance. Whether opting for a simple replacement filter or a complete cold air intake system, following the provided instructions and utilizing the correct tools will ensure a successful installation. Regular cleaning and maintenance, using the K&N Recharger Kit, will maximize the filter’s lifespan and maintain optimal engine performance.