Snowplow installation is a complex process that involves not only mechanical expertise but also adherence to federal and local safety standards. Fisher Engineering, a leading manufacturer in the snowplow industry, has developed comprehensive guidelines and testing procedures to ensure that its products are installed correctly and remain compliant with Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS). This article explores the critical aspects of Fisher plow installation, including compliance with FMVSS 105, FMVSS 108, and FMVSS 108, as well as key considerations for lighting, occupant safety, and weight distribution.
Understanding FMVSS Compliance and Its Role in Plow Installation
Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) are regulations established by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) to ensure that vehicles meet minimum safety performance requirements. When a snowplow is installed on a vehicle, it can impact the vehicle’s compliance with these standards. Fisher Engineering plays a pivotal role in ensuring that its plow systems do not compromise the safety of the vehicle or its operator.
1. Axle Loading and Braking (FMVSS 105)
FMVSS 105 governs the braking performance and axle loading of vehicles. When installing a snowplow, it is essential to understand the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) and Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) set by the vehicle manufacturer. These ratings define the maximum weight that the vehicle and its axles can safely carry. Exceeding these limits can lead to unsafe operating conditions, including compromised braking performance and increased wear on the vehicle’s suspension and braking systems.
Fisher Engineering provides tools such as the eMatch system and the spreader selector tool to help installers identify the appropriate plow and spreader combinations for specific vehicles. These tools ensure that the installed equipment remains within the weight limits specified by the vehicle manufacturer and that proper ballasting is applied for balanced weight distribution.
Weight distribution is another critical factor in FMVSS 105 compliance. Uneven weight distribution can affect braking efficiency and handling. Installers must carefully consider the placement of the plow and any additional ballast to ensure that the vehicle maintains optimal performance and safety.
2. Occupant Safety and Crash Protection (FMVSS 208)
FMVSS 208 focuses on occupant protection in the event of a crash. When a snowplow is installed on a vehicle, it must not interfere with the vehicle’s ability to meet the crash protection standards established at the time of its manufacture. Fisher Engineering addresses this by conducting crash testing in collaboration with vehicle manufacturers and certified testing facilities. These tests are performed in accordance with the guidelines of the NTEA Snow Control Committee and the New Car Assessment Program (NCAP) to ensure that the combined plow and vehicle system remains crashworthy.
Fisher Engineering is one of the few snowplow manufacturers in North America that performs its own crash testing to verify FMVSS 208 compliance. These tests are conducted at certified vehicle testing labs that also serve the federal government and major automotive manufacturers. The results of these tests enable installers to confidently certify that the vehicle remains compliant with occupant safety standards after plow installation.
For new, untitled vehicles, the installer is required to certify that the vehicle will continue to meet all FMVSS requirements, including occupant crash protection. For previously titled vehicles, while certification is not mandatory, the installer must ensure that the installation does not render the vehicle out of compliance.
3. Lighting and Conspicuity (FMVSS 108)
FMVSS 108 regulates vehicle lighting and conspicuity, ensuring that all lighting systems function properly and that vehicles are clearly visible to other road users. Properly aimed plow headlights are essential for both the operator and oncoming traffic. Improperly aimed lights can create visibility issues and increase the risk of accidents.
Fisher snowplows are designed to meet FMVSS 108 requirements when installed according to the manufacturer’s instructions. However, it is the responsibility of the installer and the operator to verify that local ordinances do not impose additional requirements. Some jurisdictions may restrict the use of strobe lighting or require specific types of supplemental lighting for plow operators.
Aftermarket plow headlights or LED bulbs used in halogen headlamp housings are not recommended, as they may not provide the intended light output and could be illegal in certain areas. Installers should follow the manufacturer's specifications for lighting components to ensure compliance with both federal and local regulations.
The Role of Fisher Engineering in Compliance and Certification
Fisher Engineering plays a crucial role in ensuring that snowplow installations remain compliant with all applicable FMVSS. The company collaborates with vehicle manufacturers to jointly test combined systems through the NTEA Snow Control Committee, a body dedicated to improving the safety and performance of snow control equipment. These collaborative efforts help establish best practices for plow installation and ensure that the equipment does not interfere with the vehicle’s original safety systems.
In addition to working with manufacturers, Fisher Engineering evaluates published crash test data from the NCAP program to support compliance efforts. When necessary, the company conducts its own crash tests to verify the crashworthiness of its plow systems. These tests are performed at certified testing facilities, providing reliable and verifiable results that can be used in compliance documentation.
The commitment to compliance is also reflected in Fisher’s technical documentation and support resources. The company provides factory original diagrams, mechanical guides, and reference manuals to assist installers in understanding the correct procedures for plow installation and maintenance. These resources are essential for ensuring that installations are performed accurately and that all safety standards are met.
Practical Installation Considerations
Beyond compliance with federal standards, there are several practical considerations that installers must address during the plow installation process. These include:
Vehicle Readiness: Before installing a snowplow, the vehicle must be equipped with all manufacturer-recommended options for snowplowing. These may include reinforced suspensions, heavy-duty brakes, and additional electrical systems to support the plow’s operation.
Plow Fitment: Fisher Engineering offers tools such as the eMatch system to help installers identify the correct plow and spreader options for each vehicle. These tools consider factors such as weight capacity, ballasting requirements, and mechanical compatibility to ensure a safe and functional installation.
Ballasting and Weight Distribution: Proper ballasting is essential for maintaining vehicle stability and performance. Installers must calculate the appropriate amount of ballast based on the plow’s weight and the vehicle’s GVWR and GAWR. Ballast should be distributed evenly to prevent front or rear-heavy configurations that could affect handling and braking.
Electrical and Hydraulic Systems: Fisher plows utilize advanced hydraulic and electrical systems, such as the Insta-Act Hydraulic System and the E-Force Isolation Module System. Installers must ensure that these systems are correctly integrated into the vehicle’s existing infrastructure and that all connections are secure and functioning properly.
Operator Safety: After installation, the operator should be trained in the proper use of the plow and its associated systems. This includes understanding how to adjust headlights, operate the hydraulic controls, and maintain the equipment to ensure long-term performance and safety.
Conclusion
Fisher plow installations require a high degree of technical expertise and adherence to both federal and local safety standards. By following the manufacturer’s guidelines and utilizing the tools and resources provided by Fisher Engineering, installers can ensure that their plow systems remain compliant with FMVSS 105, FMVSS 208, and FMVSS 108. These standards are critical for maintaining the safety of both the operator and other road users.
Proper installation not only ensures compliance but also enhances the overall performance and longevity of the snowplow system. From weight distribution to lighting and occupant protection, every aspect of the installation process must be carefully considered to achieve optimal results. Fisher Engineering’s commitment to crash testing, compliance verification, and technical support further reinforces the reliability and safety of its products in the field.