The Facet Red Top fuel pump is a widely used low-pressure fuel pump designed for carburetor-equipped engines. It features solid-state technology for reliability, a compact cylindrical design for easy installation, and compatibility with a range of fuels including gasoline, diesel, and ethanol blends. This article provides a detailed overview of the pump's specifications, installation instructions, and technical considerations based on information from official documentation, FAQs, and user reports.
Overview of the Facet Red Top Fuel Pump
The Facet Red Top fuel pump (model 480532E) is a low-pressure pump designed for use in automotive and engine systems that rely on carburetors rather than fuel injection. It is certified to comply with EEC 95/54 requirements and is built with solid-state technology, offering improved reliability over older point-triggered designs. The pump is compact, with a length of 140mm and a diameter of 54mm, and weighs just 0.7kg. It delivers fuel at a pressure range of 6.0 to 8.0 PSI and a flow rate of 40 US gallons per hour. The pump can be mounted in various orientations and is supported by a mounting bracket and earth strap.
Key Features and Specifications
- Voltage: 12V DC
- Earth Connection: Negative
- Fuel Pressure: 6.0–8.0 PSI
- Fuel Flow: 40 US Gallons/Hr
- Dry Prime Height: 0.6 Metres
- Port Thread Sizes: 1/4 NPT
- Operating Temperature: -40ºF to +180°F
- Average Run Time (MTBF): 6000 Hours
- Mounting Orientation: Outlet above the inlet to prevent vapor lock
- Mounting Kit Included: Rubber mounts with earth strap
- Filter Access: Removable end cap with replaceable filter element
The pump is not recommended for flight or aviation use and is designed for automotive applications. It is compatible with a range of fuels including gasoline, diesel, biodiesel, E85, and alcohol-blended fuels. The pump requires a 5-amp power source and is recommended to be installed with a 3-amp fuse for safety.
Kit Contents and Accessories
The Facet Red Top fuel pump kit includes the following components:
- 1x Facet Red Top Pump (480532E)
- 1x Facet Mounting Kit (FPA905)
- 1x Spare Filter (FPA908R)
- 2x 8mm Straight Unions (FPA904A)
These components allow for a complete installation with the necessary hardware and support accessories. The mounting kit includes rubber mounts and an earth strap for secure and grounded installation. The spare filter is essential for maintenance, as the pump’s end cap can be removed for cleaning and filter replacement.
Installation Instructions and Recommendations
Proper installation of the Facet Red Top fuel pump is critical for optimal performance and safety. The following steps and recommendations are based on manufacturer guidelines and user experiences.
1. Mounting Position and Orientation
- The pump should be mounted with the outlet above the inlet to avoid vapor lock issues. This orientation ensures that fuel flows smoothly and minimizes the risk of air pockets forming in the line.
- Horizontal mounting is acceptable, but vertical mounting with the outlet higher is preferred.
- The pump should be installed no more than 12 inches from the fuel tank to ensure proper fuel delivery. This minimizes suction losses and improves pump efficiency.
- If the pump is mounted in the engine compartment, it should be placed as close as possible to the fuel tank.
2. Fuel Line and Union Installation
- When installing fuel unions, either wrap PTFE tape around the threads or use Loctite 243 to create a fuel-proof seal. This prevents leaks and ensures a secure connection.
- Use the included 8mm straight unions for connecting the fuel lines. Ensure all connections are tight and free of cracks or wear.
- Inspect the fuel lines for any signs of damage or wear before installation.
3. Electrical Wiring and Fuse Installation
- The pump operates on 12V DC and requires a 5-amp power source. It typically draws an average of 1.4 amps during operation.
- A 3-amp fuse is recommended for all installations to protect the pump and wiring from overcurrent.
- The power wire should be run parallel to the brake line and enclosed in a protective cover or conduit. Some users have used metal pipes or plastic covers to shield the wiring.
- A relay is recommended for the pump to ensure it only runs when needed. The relay can be powered from the original fuse box (white wires, hot when ignition is on), and the pump’s power should be routed through a new fuse box directly connected to the battery.
- The black wire on the pump is the ground or earth connection, which should be securely connected to the vehicle's chassis or engine block.
4. Filter Maintenance and Replacement
- The pump includes a replaceable filter that can be accessed by removing the end cap.
- During normal operation, the filter bowl may show varying fuel levels due to differential pressure and filter condition.
- In the worst-case scenario, the fuel level should not exceed the pickup point inside the filter, which is located halfway up the bowl. This ensures that the fuel is always passing through the filter for proper filtration.
- A partially clogged filter may cause the fuel level in the bowl to drop due to increased differential pressure. Regular inspection and cleaning or replacement of the filter are recommended to maintain performance.
Technical Considerations and FAQs
The Facet Red Top fuel pump has several technical features and considerations that users should be aware of to ensure proper operation and longevity.
1. Internal Valves and Fuel Flow
- The pump may include an internal check valve, which prevents fuel from flowing backward when the pump is off.
- Some models include an internal positive shut-off valve, which prevents fuel from being pulled through the pump when it is not in operation. If a system requires fuel to flow through the pump when it is off, a part number without this valve should be selected.
- The pump can push fuel through the system but cannot effectively pull fuel over long distances. This is why it is recommended to mount the pump close to the fuel tank.
2. Mounting Bracket and Grounding
- The pump includes a two-bolt mounting bracket and an earth strap for secure installation.
- The mounting bracket is marked with the part number, which usually starts with a "40."
- Proper grounding is essential for the pump to operate correctly. The earth strap should be connected to a clean, bare metal surface on the vehicle's chassis or engine block.
3. Temperature and Environmental Considerations
- The pump is designed to operate in a wide temperature range, from -40ºF to +180ºF. This makes it suitable for both cold and hot climates.
- It is important to ensure that the pump is not exposed to extreme heat from the engine or exhaust system, as this could affect performance or cause damage over time.
4. Compatibility with Different Fuels
- The pump is compatible with gasoline, diesel, biodiesel, E85, and alcohol-blended fuels.
- No special modifications are required for these fuels, but users should ensure that the fuel lines and unions are also compatible with the type of fuel being used.
5. Marine and Aviation Considerations
- The pump is not recommended for marine or aviation applications. It is designed for automotive use only.
- If a marine application is required, users should look for Facet models that are UL Listed or specifically rated for marine environments.
Troubleshooting and Common Issues
While the Facet Red Top fuel pump is known for its reliability, certain issues can arise during installation or operation. The following are common troubleshooting steps and solutions:
Low Fuel Pressure:
- Check the mounting position to ensure the outlet is above the inlet.
- Inspect the fuel lines for blockages or restrictions.
- Verify that the filter is clean and functioning properly.
No Fuel Delivery:
- Confirm that the pump is receiving power and that the fuse is not blown.
- Ensure that the ground connection is secure and free of corrosion.
- Check for air in the fuel line and bleed the system if necessary.
Overheating or Failure:
- Verify that the pump is not being run continuously without a relay.
- Ensure that the pump is mounted in a well-ventilated area and not exposed to excessive heat.
- Check the fuse size to ensure it is the recommended 3 amps.
Leaking Fuel Unions:
- Reinstall the unions with PTFE tape or Loctite 243.
- Tighten the connections securely but avoid over-tightening, which can damage the threads.
Conclusion
The Facet Red Top fuel pump is a reliable and versatile option for carburetor-equipped engines, offering solid-state technology, a compact design, and compatibility with a wide range of fuels. Proper installation, including correct mounting orientation, secure wiring, and regular filter maintenance, is essential for optimal performance. By following the manufacturer's guidelines and user recommendations, installers can ensure a safe and efficient fuel delivery system. Whether for automotive restoration, classic car maintenance, or engine performance tuning, the Facet Red Top fuel pump remains a trusted choice for many DIY enthusiasts and professionals.