The Facet Posi Flo fuel pump is a widely used, high-quality external fuel pump designed for automotive and marine applications. This guide provides detailed installation instructions, operational considerations, and maintenance tips based on official documentation and technical specifications from the manufacturer. Whether you are replacing a failed unit or upgrading an older system, understanding the correct installation and care procedures is essential to ensure the pump operates reliably for years.
Overview of the Facet Posi Flo Fuel Pump
The Facet Posi Flo is an electric, positive displacement fuel pump designed to deliver consistent fuel flow from the vehicle’s gas tank to the carburetor or fuel injection system. Unlike mechanical fuel pumps driven by the engine, or complex in-tank electric units, the Posi Flo is designed for external mounting, offering easier installation and improved access for maintenance. The pump features a durable metal casing and a unique diaphragm mechanism, which allows for quiet and efficient operation while maintaining consistent fuel pressure.
Key technical specifications, including flow rate (measured in Gallons Per Hour or GPH), fuel pressure (measured in pounds per square inch or PSI), and voltage compatibility (typically 6V, 12V, or 24V), are essential to consider when selecting the appropriate model for a specific application. Facet offers a range of models to accommodate different engine types, such as carbureted or fuel-injected systems, and varying fuel delivery requirements.
Step-by-Step Installation Guidance
Installing a Facet Posi Flo fuel pump requires careful planning and adherence to safety protocols to ensure reliable performance and longevity. Below are the key steps involved in the installation process, as outlined in the manufacturer’s documentation.
1. Safety Precautions and Preparation
- Work Environment: Always work in a well-ventilated area away from ignition sources. Fuel vapors are highly flammable and can pose a serious risk if not handled properly.
- Battery Disconnection: Before beginning the installation, disconnect the vehicle’s negative battery cable to prevent accidental electrical shorts.
- Mounting Location: Choose a mounting location near the fuel tank but outside the passenger compartment. A common location is along the frame rail. Ensure the chosen spot is solid and stable to minimize vibration transfer to the pump.
2. Mounting the Pump
- Vertical Orientation: The pump must be mounted vertically with the outlet port pointing upwards, as indicated on the pump’s casing. This orientation is crucial for proper internal function and longevity.
- Mounting Bracket: Use the provided mounting bracket or a suitable metal bracket to secure the pump. This helps in minimizing vibration and ensuring the pump remains stable during operation.
- Secure Fastening: Tighten the bracket bolts periodically to prevent loosening due to continuous vibration.
3. Fuel Line Installation
- Fuel Hose Selection: Use fuel-rated hose that meets SAE J30R specifications (J30R7 for modern fuels). Avoid generic rubber tubing, as it may not be suitable for high-pressure or modern fuel types.
- Clamps: Install fuel injection-rated clamps on both ends of the hose if the pressure exceeds 10 PSI. Avoid using worm-drive clamps on EFI lines, as they may not provide sufficient sealing at higher pressures.
- In-Line Filter: Install an in-line fuel filter between the tank and the pump inlet. For carbureted systems, a minimum of 10 Micron rating is recommended, while finer filters are suitable for fuel-injected systems. This helps prevent contaminants from entering the pump and causing damage.
- Avoid Bends and Restrictions: Ensure fuel lines are free from sharp bends and unnecessary connections to reduce the risk of flow restriction and potential leaks.
4. Electrical Wiring
- Wire Gauge: Select the appropriate wire gauge based on the pump’s amperage draw and the length of the wiring run from the battery. Refer to wire gauge charts for accurate sizing.
- Fuse Protection: Install an appropriately sized fuse as close to the power source as possible to protect the circuit from overloads.
- Wiring Connections: Connect the red wire to a switched +12V source (often fused near the battery at 10–15 Amps) and the black wire to a clean chassis ground. Ensure both connections are secure and free from corrosion.
- Polarity Check: DC pumps require correct polarity (positive and negative connections). Reversing the polarity can damage the pump immediately. Always double-check the connections before powering the system.
- Relay Use: For 12V or 24V systems, it is highly recommended to use a relay triggered by the ignition switch. This ensures reliable current handling and protects the ignition switch from potential damage.
5. Priming and Final Checks
- Pre-Priming: Especially in new installations or when the fuel tank is low, the pump may require priming to overcome air pockets. Fill the outlet plumbing with fuel before starting the engine to ensure effective fuel delivery.
- Initial Start-Up: Turn the key to the "ON" position (without cranking) a few times to prime the system and fill the fuel lines and carburetor bowl. This helps avoid fuel starvation when the engine starts.
- Leak Inspection: After starting the engine, carefully inspect all fuel line connections for leaks. If any leaks are detected, shut off the engine immediately and address the issue before resuming operation.
Best Practices for Installation
To maximize the performance and longevity of the Facet Posi Flo fuel pump, follow these installation best practices:
- Location Considerations: Mount the pump in a location that minimizes exposure to road debris, excessive heat (such as from exhaust manifolds), and potential submersion in water.
- Vibration Dampening: Secure the pump firmly to prevent vibration from causing wear on components or loosening connections over time.
- Electrical Safety: Always use a fuse near the power source and consider using a relay for 12V or 24V systems to manage electrical load effectively.
- Fuel Quality and Filtration: Use high-quality fuel and maintain a clean fuel system. A clogged inlet filter is a leading cause of pump failure. Replace filters according to the manufacturer’s recommended intervals or sooner if performance issues arise.
Maintenance and Troubleshooting
Although the Facet Posi Flo is designed for durability, regular maintenance and troubleshooting can help identify potential issues early and prevent major failures.
1. Regular Maintenance Tasks
- Filter Replacement: Replace in-line fuel filters at manufacturer-recommended intervals or sooner if performance issues are observed. A clogged filter can reduce fuel flow and damage the pump over time.
- Fuel Line Inspection: Inspect fuel lines for signs of brittleness, cracks, chafing, or leaks. Replace any damaged hose with fuel-rated hose to maintain system integrity.
- Mounting and Vibration Checks: Periodically check the pump’s mounting bracket and bolts to ensure the unit remains secure and vibration is minimized.
2. Troubleshooting Common Issues
- Fuel Starvation: This can be caused by an improperly primed system, a clogged filter, or a malfunctioning pump. Inspect the filter and fuel lines for blockages, and ensure the pump is correctly primed before starting the engine.
- Leak Detection: If leaks occur during operation, shut off the engine immediately and check all connections for tightness and proper clamping.
- Electrical Problems: If the pump fails to start, verify the wiring connections, fuse, and relay (if used). Ensure the polarity is correct and the power source is functioning.
- Pump Failure: In cases of sudden failure, inspect the pump for signs of internal damage or wear. Replacing the pump with a suitable model from the Facet catalogue may be necessary.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q: Can I use a generic fuel line for the Facet Posi Flo?
A: No. The manufacturer recommends using fuel-rated hose that meets SAE J30R specifications (such as J30R7 or J30R9 for modern fuels). Generic rubber tubing may not be suitable for high-pressure or modern fuel types and could lead to leaks or failure.
Q: Is it necessary to use a relay for the electrical system?
A: Yes, especially for 12V or 24V systems. Using a relay helps manage the electrical load more effectively and protects the ignition switch from potential damage due to high current draw.
Q: How often should I replace the in-line fuel filter?
A: Follow the manufacturer’s recommended intervals or replace the filter sooner if performance issues such as reduced fuel flow or engine hesitation are observed. A clogged filter is a leading cause of pump failure.
Q: Can I install the pump horizontally instead of vertically?
A: No. The pump must be mounted vertically with the outlet port pointing upwards, as indicated on the casing. This orientation is necessary for proper internal operation and to prevent premature wear.
Conclusion
The Facet Posi Flo fuel pump is a reliable and durable solution for external fuel delivery in a wide range of automotive and marine applications. Its robust construction, consistent performance, and ease of installation make it a preferred choice for mechanics, restorers, and performance enthusiasts. By following the manufacturer’s installation guidelines and maintenance recommendations, users can ensure the pump operates efficiently for years, minimizing the risk of failure and maximizing the lifespan of the component.
Careful selection of the appropriate model based on flow rate, pressure requirements, and voltage compatibility is essential for optimal performance. Proper mounting, secure electrical connections, and the use of high-quality fuel lines and filters further contribute to the pump’s reliability. Regular inspection and maintenance, including filter replacement and fuel line checks, help extend the pump’s service life and prevent common issues such as fuel starvation or electrical failures.
By adhering to these best practices and following the detailed installation steps outlined in this guide, users can confidently integrate the Facet Posi Flo into their systems and enjoy the benefits of a dependable fuel delivery solution.