Electric fuel pumps are critical components in modern fuel systems, particularly for applications involving carbureted engines, generators, and industrial setups. The Facet Gold-Flo series is specifically designed for low-pressure fuel delivery, making it suitable for lift pumps, priming systems, and auxiliary fuel transfer. However, to ensure reliability, longevity, and safety, installation and maintenance must be carried out with precision.
This article provides a comprehensive overview of the installation process, recommended practices, and key maintenance considerations for the Facet Gold-Flo fuel pump, based on the technical guidance provided in official documentation and FAQs. The focus is on U.S. users who are either installing these pumps for automotive or industrial purposes or seeking to maintain and troubleshoot them.
Key Installation Considerations
The Gold-Flo series is a low-pressure pump and, as such, its performance is highly dependent on proper installation. The following considerations are essential to ensure the pump functions correctly and safely:
Mounting Location
The pump should be mounted as close as possible to the fuel tank outlet to minimize the suction lift required. Ideally, the pump should be positioned within 12 inches of the fuel supply, as stated in official installation guidelines. This minimizes the strain on the pump during startup and reduces the risk of vapor lock or dry running.
Mounting the pump below the tank level is also recommended when feasible. This helps to ensure that gravity assists in fuel delivery to the pump, reducing the suction lift. The pump should be mounted in a location that is away from excessive heat sources such as exhaust manifolds or turbochargers. Heat can cause vapor lock or degrade fuel line integrity.
In terms of orientation, the pump should be mounted with the outlet above the inlet, as this helps in eliminating vapor lock issues. Horizontal mounting is generally acceptable and will not affect fuel delivery performance. However, if the pump is mounted in a location where it may be exposed to road debris or water spray, additional shielding or protection should be considered.
Facet recommends using the provided rubber grommets to isolate the pump from engine or system vibrations. Vibration can cause mechanical stress on the pump housing, fuel lines, and electrical connections, potentially leading to premature failure.
Electrical Connections
The Gold-Flo fuel pumps are typically 12V or 24V DC units. The recommended current draw for these pumps is approximately 1.4 amps under normal operation. However, a 5-amp power source is required to ensure the pump performs correctly. This is particularly important when the pump is starting under load or operating in cold conditions.
The installation should include a 3-amp fuse as close to the power source as possible. The fuse serves as a critical safety measure, protecting the circuit from overcurrent conditions that could result from a short or motor failure. It is also recommended to use a relay triggered by the ignition switch to handle the current load more reliably and to protect switches from wear due to high current draw.
Wire gauge selection is another important factor. The appropriate wire size depends on the pump's amp draw and the length of the wire run from the battery. A wire gauge chart should be consulted to ensure that the chosen gauge can handle the current without excessive voltage drop or heat generation.
A clean and secure ground connection is essential for proper operation. Poor grounding can lead to erratic pump behavior, including failure to start or run intermittently. The ground should be connected to a clean, unpainted metal surface on the vehicle or system frame to ensure low resistance.
Fuel Line and Plumbing
Fuel line selection and installation are critical to the performance and safety of the pump. The suction line (the line connecting the fuel tank to the pump inlet) is particularly vulnerable to restrictions and failures. Therefore, it should be given special attention.
All fuel lines should be made of fuel-rated hose that meets SAE J30R specifications. For modern fuels, J30R7 or J30R9 hose is recommended. Generic rubber tubing should be avoided, as it may not be compatible with alcohol-blended fuels and can deteriorate over time, leading to leaks or contamination.
Fuel injection-rated hose clamps should be used if the system operates at pressures exceeding 10 PSI. Worm-drive clamps are not suitable for high-pressure lines and should be avoided on EFI systems. For the suction side, fuel line clamps should be installed at both the pump inlet and the tank outlet to prevent leaks or disconnections.
An inline fuel filter with a minimum 100-micron rating should be installed upstream of the pump to protect it from large contaminants. A 30- to 40-micron filter is recommended for extended pump life. The filter should be changed at regular intervals as specified by the manufacturer. A clogged filter is one of the most common causes of reduced pump performance and premature failure.
Fuel line routing should be done carefully to avoid sharp bends or kinks, which can restrict flow. The number of connections should be minimized to reduce the risk of leaks. The outlet plumbing should be designed to allow the pump to achieve its rated flow without unnecessary restrictions.
Polarity must be checked before the pump is powered. DC pumps require correct positive (+) and negative (-) connections. Reversing polarity can cause immediate damage to the pump motor.
In new installations or when the fuel tank is low, it is recommended to prime the outlet line before starting the pump. This helps the pump overcome air pockets and pull fuel more effectively during initial operation.
Safety and Environmental Considerations
Fuel systems involve flammable liquids and high-voltage electrical components, so safety must be a top priority during installation and maintenance.
Fuel is highly volatile, and exposure can cause health risks. Users should avoid direct skin contact with fuel and ensure proper ventilation in the work area. Smoking and the use of open flames should be strictly prohibited near fuel systems.
If the user is not familiar with fuel system installation, electrical circuits, or engine fundamentals, professional assistance should be sought. A faulty installation can result in dangerous fuel leaks, fire hazards, or electrical failures.
Installation instructions should be followed carefully, and all relevant service manuals and pump-specific documentation should be consulted. These resources provide model-specific details that are crucial for safe and effective installation.
Troubleshooting and Maintenance
Despite their robust design, Facet Gold-Flo fuel pumps may encounter issues over time. Common symptoms and their potential causes are outlined below, along with suggested corrective actions.
Low Fuel Pressure
Low fuel pressure at the carburetor inlet can indicate a variety of problems, including a clogged filter, pinched fuel line, or a worn pump. A fuel pressure gauge should be installed at the carburetor inlet to monitor pressure levels. If the pressure is consistently low despite minimal load, the filter or pump should be inspected.
If the pressure is too high, the pump may need to be replaced, or a fuel pressure regulator may need to be added. Always check the pump specifications to ensure they match the application's requirements.
Excessive Pump Heat
Overheating is often a sign of restricted fuel flow, excessive dead-head pressure, or poor ventilation. Check the fuel flow rate at the pump outlet and inspect for any restrictions such as a clogged filter or pinched line. Ensure that the pump is mounted in a location with adequate cooling airflow and is not near a heat source.
If the pump is operating against a closed pressure switch or is running dry for extended periods, the internal thermal overload protector may be tripping. In such cases, the pump will need to be allowed to cool for 10–20 minutes before attempting to reset. The underlying cause of the overheating should be diagnosed and corrected to prevent recurrence.
Pump Ticks and Stops During Operation
If the pump stops unexpectedly, it is likely that the internal thermal overload protector has tripped due to excessive heat or restricted flow. Allow the pump to cool, then disconnect the power briefly to attempt a reset. Afterward, diagnose the cause—such as a clogged filter, insufficient fuel level, or inadequate cooling—to prevent further issues.
Regular Maintenance Practices
Proactive maintenance is essential for the longevity of the pump. The most important maintenance task is regular filter replacement. The inlet filter should be changed according to the manufacturer's recommended intervals or whenever contamination is suspected. A clogged filter is one of the leading causes of pump failure.
The fuel level in the Duralift filter bowl should also be monitored. Due to the differential pressure between the interior and exterior of the filter, the fluid level in the bowl may vary. However, the fluid height should never exceed the pickup tube. The pickup is typically located halfway down the bowl to ensure proper filtration even in the event of partial clogging.
Conclusion
The Facet Gold-Flo fuel pump is a durable and reliable solution for low-pressure fuel delivery in a variety of applications. However, its performance and longevity depend heavily on proper installation, adherence to safety practices, and regular maintenance. By following the manufacturer’s guidelines on mounting location, electrical connections, fuel line specifications, and filter maintenance, users can ensure that their pump operates efficiently for years.
Attention to detail during installation—such as ensuring correct polarity, using the right fuse size, and avoiding sharp bends in fuel lines—can prevent many common issues. Similarly, proactive maintenance tasks like filter replacement and regular inspections can extend the life of the pump and reduce the risk of unexpected failures.
For users who are unsure about any part of the installation or maintenance process, consulting the pump’s specific documentation or seeking professional assistance is strongly recommended. Safety should always be the top priority when working with fuel systems and electrical components.