Manufactured stone veneer has become a popular choice for architects, builders, and DIY enthusiasts seeking the aesthetic appeal of natural stone without the high cost or complexity of installation. Eldorado Stone is a leading brand in the faux stone market, offering a wide range of textures, colors, and profiles that can transform any space. However, successful installation requires careful preparation, adherence to local building codes, and a clear understanding of best practices. This guide provides a detailed overview of Eldorado Stone installation, drawing from official manufacturer documentation, installation guides, and technical recommendations.
Understanding the Purpose and Design of Eldorado Stone
Eldorado Stone is a manufactured stone veneer designed to mimic the look and texture of natural stone while being significantly lighter and easier to install. Each piece is hand-painted to create an authentic, nature-inspired appearance, making it ideal for both interior and exterior applications. With over 150 colors and profiles available, Eldorado Stone offers a versatile solution that can complement a variety of architectural styles—from traditional to modern.
The product’s design includes flats and corners, which are essential components for most installations. Flats are used for covering large wall surfaces and are ordered by square footage, while corners are used for wrapping around edges and are measured in linear feet. Properly using these components ensures that the final installation appears dimensional and visually cohesive.
Preparing the Surface for Installation
Before beginning the installation of Eldorado Stone, it is crucial to ensure that the surface is structurally sound and compliant with local building codes. The surface should be free from structural failure or deterioration, and any signs of damage should be addressed before proceeding. Additionally, it is important to consider the type of substrate being used, as the preparation steps may vary slightly.
For frame construction, it is typical to have framing spaced at 16 inches on center with some type of sheathing material. In such cases, it is recommended to apply two layers of a Water Resistive Barrier (WRB) to the surface. The WRB serves as a primary defense against incidental water infiltration and plays a key role in the longevity of the installation. When selecting a WRB, consider the following factors:
- Vapor permeability: A material that allows for some vapor exchange can help prevent moisture buildup.
- Tear resistance: The WRB should be durable enough to withstand the installation process.
- Water resistance: It should provide a reliable barrier against water infiltration.
- Perforated or spun bond: These characteristics can affect how the WRB performs under different weather conditions.
- Ease of installation: A material that is easy to handle and apply can save time and labor costs.
- Durability on the job site: It should remain intact and effective throughout the installation process.
- Risk of fastener penetration: Careful consideration should be given to how the WRB interacts with fasteners.
- Length of exposure to UV rays: If the WRB is exposed during installation, it should be able to withstand UV degradation.
In addition to the WRB, a weep screed should be installed to allow moisture to escape from the wall system. This helps prevent water from becoming trapped behind the stone veneer, which can lead to issues such as mold, rot, or debonding.
For those looking to enhance water protection further, a rainscreen system can be incorporated. This involves creating a larger physical air space between the WRB and the cladding. While not required in all climates, a rainscreen can provide an additional layer of protection against water infiltration and is recommended in areas prone to heavy rainfall or high humidity.
Installing the Lath System
The lath is a critical component of the stone veneer system, serving as the structural support that transfers the weight of the stone to the framing. Proper lath installation is essential to ensure the longevity and stability of the finished product. When installing lath, it is important to use appropriate length fasteners that are galvanized and corrosion-resistant to prevent rusting over time. These fasteners should be driven into the framing with a minimum ¾” penetration to ensure a secure connection.
Lath should be spaced 6 inches on center to provide adequate support for the stone veneer. Additionally, the lath should be lapped 1 foot at vertical and horizontal seams to ensure continuity and prevent gaps that could compromise the integrity of the installation. At both inside and outside corners, the lath should be wrapped past the corners to the next framing member approximately 16 inches down the wall. This helps provide additional support and ensures that the stone veneer remains securely attached.
Calculating Material Requirements
Before beginning the installation process, it is important to calculate the amount of material needed. This includes determining the total square footage of the area to be covered and accounting for any windows, doors, or other openings. To estimate the required materials, follow these steps:
- Determine the total project square footage: Multiply the length (in feet) by the height (in feet) of each surface area to be covered.
- Subtract windows, doors, or other openings: Calculate the square footage occupied by these features and subtract it from the total project square footage.
- Determine the linear footage of corner pieces needed: Measure the linear feet of outside corner areas to be covered, including any doorways and windows that will have corners.
- Determine the square footage of flat pieces required: Based on the total square footage and the number of corner pieces, calculate the amount of flat pieces needed.
It is important to note that both flats and corners are essential for a visually balanced and dimensionally rich installation. Wrapping corners around windows and doors, as well as using corner pieces to frame the edges of the stone veneer, can enhance the overall design and provide a more finished appearance.
Mortar Application and Stone Placement
Once the surface has been properly prepared and the lath system is in place, the next step is to apply the mortar and begin placing the stone veneer. Mortar is a critical component of the installation process, as it provides the bond that holds the stone in place and prevents water infiltration.
When selecting a mortar, it is important to choose a high-quality product that meets or exceeds the manufacturer’s requirements. Mortar should be carefully mixed to ensure that it is wet enough to adhere to the wall surface. A trowel covered with mortar should be able to be inverted without the mortar slipping off. It is recommended to mix only the amount of mortar that can be used immediately, as the bond strength can decrease over time.
There are several methods for applying mortar and placing the stone veneer, each with its own advantages. One method involves troweling the mortar onto the wall in a 5 square foot area and pressing the stone unit into the mortar with a slight rotation back and forth. Another method involves applying a thin layer of mortar to the back of the stone and then pressing it into the texture, similar to lightly buttering bread. A combination of both methods can also be used to ensure a uniform layer of mortar and a strong bond.
The goal of the mortar application is to create a uniform layer that supplements the scratch coat and achieves a minimum 50 psi shear bond strength. It is important to avoid creating voids within the mortar layers, as these can trap water and lead to issues such as debonding or freeze-thaw damage.
Ensuring Long-Term Durability and Aesthetic Quality
Proper installation techniques are essential for ensuring that Eldorado Stone remains durable and visually appealing over time. In addition to following the manufacturer’s guidelines, it is important to consider the climate and environmental conditions of the installation site. For example, in areas with high humidity or frequent rainfall, additional measures such as a rainscreen system may be necessary to prevent water damage.
Regular maintenance and inspections can also help identify and address any issues early on. This includes checking for signs of moisture buildup, loose stones, or cracks in the mortar. Any issues should be addressed promptly to prevent further damage and ensure the longevity of the installation.
Conclusion
Eldorado Stone is a versatile and aesthetically pleasing option for architects, builders, and DIY enthusiasts looking to incorporate the look of natural stone into their projects. However, successful installation requires careful preparation, adherence to local building codes, and a clear understanding of best practices. By following the steps outlined in this guide—including surface preparation, lath installation, material calculation, and mortar application—users can ensure a durable and visually appealing installation that meets the highest standards of quality and craftsmanship.