Installing a corner shower seat or designing a custom glass shower enclosure can significantly enhance both the functionality and aesthetics of a bathroom. Whether for increased comfort, accessibility, or safety—particularly for aging individuals or those recovering from injuries—corner shower installations require careful planning and execution. This guide provides a detailed overview of the key considerations, structural requirements, and best practices for U.S. homeowners and professionals undertaking such projects.
Overview of Corner Shower Installation
Corner shower installations can take many forms, ranging from a simple built-in seat to a full glass-enclosed shower with custom tiling. The primary objective of these installations is to create a safe, accessible, and aesthetically pleasing space that meets both practical and code requirements. According to the International Residential Code (IRC), showers must be at least 30 inches by 30 inches in size. When adding a shower seat, it is essential to ensure that the total usable area does not fall below this minimum requirement.
Corner shower seats should be installed between 17 and 19 inches above the floor to promote proper ergonomics and ease of use. The installation process involves cutting a groove into the existing shower wall to house the seat, ensuring that the structure is stable and secure. To achieve a watertight seal, mesh tape and caulk are applied around the seams.
Design Options for Corner Shower Enclosures
The design of a corner shower can vary depending on the available space and the homeowner's preferences. One of the most popular options is the 90° corner shower, ideal for small spaces where at least two sides can be fitted with glass. This design allows for an open, airy feel while maximizing the use of limited square footage.
Another common design is the neo angle shower, suitable for slightly larger corner spaces and featuring a diamond-shaped layout. This configuration provides a more spacious feel and is often preferred in bathrooms where aesthetics and functionality are both important.
For custom installations, custom showers offer the flexibility to tailor the design to specific spatial and aesthetic requirements. These can include integrated seating, multiple showerheads, and advanced tiling patterns.
Structural and Layout Considerations
Before beginning a corner shower installation, it is crucial to evaluate the structural layout of the existing bathroom. A key factor is the shower door opening, which must comply with the International Residential Code (IRC P 2708.1). This code mandates that all hinged shower doors open outward to prevent entrapment and ensure safety. Therefore, the design must account for this requirement and ensure that no obstacles—such as a toilet or vanity—block the outward swing of the door.
Another important decision is whether to install a curb or make the shower flush with the floor. A curb helps prevent water from spilling out of the shower area and is particularly effective in reducing mold and mildew growth. However, for individuals with mobility issues, a curbless design is often preferred for accessibility. If a curb is included, it must be sloped inward at approximately a 5-degree angle (about 3/16" to 1/4") to direct water toward the drain and prevent standing water.
Material and Installation Best Practices
When selecting materials for a corner shower, it is important to consider both aesthetics and functionality. Glass tiles are often chosen for their sleek appearance and ease of cleaning. However, when installing glass, it is important to ensure compatibility with other materials and to follow best practices to avoid cracking or improper adhesion.
For the top of the curb, it is recommended to use a solid piece of tile, marble, or granite rather than grouted tile. Grouted surfaces tend to collect water in the joints, increasing the risk of mold and mildew. A smooth, continuous surface ensures that the shower door seal functions properly and that water flows efficiently toward the drain.
Similarly, a built-in shower seat should be sloped at a 5-degree angle toward the drain to ensure proper water runoff. A level or back-angled seat can lead to water pooling and increase the risk of slip hazards.
Safety and Accessibility Enhancements
Safety is a primary concern when designing a corner shower, particularly for aging individuals or those with limited mobility. In addition to installing a shower seat, it is advisable to incorporate anti-slip surfaces and handrails to reduce the risk of falls. These features should be positioned for easy reach and should be securely mounted to the wall or floor.
Another important consideration is the position of the showerhead. To minimize water leakage and ensure user comfort, the showerhead should be positioned toward a tiled wall or a fixed panel. It should never be placed opposite a door or other opening, as this can lead to water splashing outside the shower area.
For those with specific mobility needs, a handheld showerhead can be a valuable addition. This allows users to rinse while seated and reduces the need for bending or twisting, which can be risky for individuals with balance issues.
Code Compliance and Structural Support
When planning a corner shower, it is essential to ensure that all structural elements meet local building codes and safety standards. One important consideration is the support for shower doors and hardware. The wall where the hinged shower door is installed must have proper studding behind it, preferably double 2x4 framing. If the original construction used metal studs, additional wood blocking should be added to provide secure anchoring points for the door hardware.
Additionally, it is important to avoid running plumbing pipes or electrical wiring through walls or studs where anchoring screws might puncture them. This ensures both the safety of the installation and the integrity of the plumbing and electrical systems.
Drainage and Slope Requirements
Proper drainage is critical to the long-term performance and safety of a corner shower. The curb and shower seat should both be sloped inward at a 5-degree angle toward the drain. This slope ensures that water flows efficiently away from the user and into the drain, reducing the risk of standing water and subsequent mold growth.
It is also important to ensure that the drain is positioned correctly and that the overall layout of the shower allows for unimpeded water flow. A poorly designed slope can lead to water pooling, which not only creates a safety hazard but also increases the likelihood of mold and mildew development.
Final Installation and Testing
Once the structural and design elements are in place, the next step is the installation of tiles and glass. It is important to choose tiles that are compatible with glass and that provide the desired aesthetic while ensuring durability. When installing glass, special care should be taken to prevent cracking or improper adhesion. It is also important to use caulk and sealants that are appropriate for the materials being used.
After installation, it is recommended to conduct a water test to check for leaks and ensure that the drainage system functions as intended. Any issues should be addressed before the shower is put into regular use.
Conclusion
A well-designed and properly installed corner shower can significantly enhance the functionality, safety, and aesthetics of a bathroom. Whether adding a built-in seat for comfort or creating a custom glass-enclosed space, careful planning and adherence to building codes are essential. By considering factors such as layout, materials, drainage, and accessibility, homeowners can create a shower that meets their specific needs while complying with safety and regulatory standards.