Proper installation of bamboo flooring is essential to ensure long-term performance and durability. Based on the official installation guidelines provided by AmbientBP, this article outlines the critical steps, tools, and environmental considerations required for the correct installation of bamboo flooring in U.S. residential settings. The guide covers acclimation, installation methods, subfloor preparation, radiant heat compatibility, and maintenance recommendations, all of which are crucial for achieving a professional and enduring installation.
The following sections provide a structured and detailed breakdown of the installation process, emphasizing best practices and the importance of adhering to manufacturer recommendations.
Acclimation of Bamboo Flooring
Before installation, all bamboo flooring products must be properly acclimated to the environment in which they will be installed. Acclimation ensures that the flooring adjusts to the room’s temperature and humidity levels, minimizing the risk of expansion, contraction, or warping after installation.
AmbientBP specifies that bamboo flooring must be acclimated for a minimum of 72 hours. During this period, the flooring should be placed in the same room with climate control (heating and cooling systems) active to ensure a stable environment. To facilitate proper air circulation, at least one long side of the packaging box should be opened, and the interior plastic should also be cut open.
In areas with extreme humidity levels—either abnormally high or low—it is recommended that the acclimation period be extended to at least 7 days. This extended period allows the bamboo to fully adapt to the environmental conditions and reduces the likelihood of post-installation issues such as cupping or gapping.
Boxes should be stacked no more than five high, and cross-stacking is preferred to promote even air flow. It is also important to note that acclimation should not occur over concrete or carpet with a concrete underlayment unless a 6 mil or thicker moisture barrier is first placed beneath the boxes.
Tools and Materials Required for Installation
The installation of bamboo flooring requires a set of specific tools and materials to ensure a smooth and professional result. The following list outlines the essential tools recommended by AmbientBP for both floating, glue-down, and nail-down installation methods:
- Rubber mallet: Used to gently tap planks into place during installation.
- Tapping block: Helps protect the flooring while aligning and securing planks.
- 40-tooth or greater CARBIDE saw blade (Diablo recommended): For cutting planks to size.
- Spacers (wood or plastic): Maintain expansion gaps around the room's perimeter.
- Chalk line: Assists in aligning the first row of planks for straight installation.
- Tape measure and carpenter’s square: For accurate measurements and layout.
- Felt or rosin paper: Used for nail-down installations to prevent nail splitting.
For nail-down installations, it is important to use a 15 lb felt paper as an underlayment, although this material does not provide a moisture barrier. In addition, not all nailers are suitable for strand bamboo or eucalyptus flooring due to its higher density. Installers may need to rent a more powerful nail gun, and it is recommended to contact the manufacturer representative for guidance on suitable equipment.
When installing quarter round or shoe molding, a 23-gauge micro pin nailer is required. These can typically be rented from local big-box stores.
Jobsite Requirements and Preparation
Before beginning the installation, it is essential to prepare the jobsite to ensure a suitable environment for the bamboo flooring. The following considerations are outlined in the official installation guidelines:
Moisture control: In unconditioned spaces such as garages, subfloor moisture penetration is a common cause of wood floor failure. If installing over such a space using a glue-down method, a 100% urethane adhesive with a moisture barrier must be used. For nail-down installations, a 6mm plastic sheet should be stapled to the ceiling of the unconditioned space, with joints overlapping at least 6 inches and sealed with moisture-resistant tape. In finished spaces, two layers of high-gloss paint should be applied to the ceiling to prevent moisture transfer.
Underlayment for nail-down installations: Two layers of 15 lb asphalt-saturated felt paper should be laid over the plywood subfloor at a 90-degree angle to each other. This prevents an unlevel surface and provides additional stability.
Existing wood floors: If installing over existing wood floors, the installer must verify whether the adhesive will bond properly. If in doubt, the existing wood floor should be sanded down completely before glue-down installation.
It is also recommended to work from 4 to 6 boxes at a time to ensure a continuous supply of planks and to avoid unnecessary movement of materials.
Installation Methods: Floating, Glue-Down, and Nail-Down
Bamboo flooring can be installed using three primary methods: floating, glue-down, and nail-down. Each method has its own set of requirements and is suitable for different types of subfloors and installation scenarios.
Floating Installation: This method involves laying the flooring over a subfloor without securing it directly to the surface. A 3 in 1 underlayment is typically used, which includes a moisture barrier, sound insulation, and a cushioning layer. While this method is cost-effective and easy to install, it is not recommended for high-moisture areas.
Glue-Down Installation: This method uses adhesive to secure the flooring directly to the subfloor. It is suitable for both new and existing wood subfloors, provided the surface is clean, dry, and level. A 100% urethane adhesive with a moisture barrier is required for installations over unconditioned spaces.
Nail-Down Installation: This is considered the most economical and fastest method. A 15 lb felt paper is used as an underlayment, and 18 gauge L cleats are used for fastening. However, due to the density of strand bamboo and eucalyptus, a more powerful nail gun may be necessary.
The choice of installation method should be based on the subfloor type, moisture conditions, and the desired aesthetic and functional outcomes.
Installation Over Radiant Heat Systems
AmbientBP specifies that 9/16” thick multi-ply engineered bamboo flooring is warranted for installation over radiant heat systems, but only when used in conjunction with a IXPE closed-cell 3 in 1 underlayment of minimum 2mm thickness. Eucalyptus floors are not warranted for use over radiant heat systems, and solid bamboo floors are only warranted if glued down to the substrate using a vapor barrier adhesive with a spread rate thickness of at least 2mm.
Radiant heat systems can affect bamboo flooring by accelerating the drying process, which may lead to shrinkage during the heating season. To mitigate this, it is important to ensure that the installation environment maintains a humidity level between 40% and 60% using a humidifier or dehumidifier as needed.
Before proceeding with installation over a radiant heat system, it is highly recommended to review the "Installation Over Radiant Heat Systems" section in the official installation guidelines.
Environmental and Humidity Considerations
Bamboo flooring, like traditional wood flooring, is hygroscopic, meaning it absorbs and releases moisture based on the surrounding environment. This characteristic makes it essential to maintain a stable humidity level between 40% and 60% in the room where the flooring will be installed.
Failure to maintain this range can lead to expansion or contraction of the bamboo planks, resulting in issues such as cupping, gapping, or warping. During the summer months, when humidity is high, the bamboo may expand and push against adjacent planks. In the winter, when heating systems are active and humidity is low, the bamboo may shrink and create visible gaps.
To manage these issues, it is recommended to use a humidifier during dry seasons and a dehumidifier during high-humidity periods. Additionally, proper ventilation can help regulate indoor humidity levels and prevent excessive moisture buildup.
Installation Sequence and Room Preparation
Bamboo flooring should be installed toward the end of a construction or remodeling project, after all work involving water or moisture has been completed. This includes tasks such as plumbing, painting, and drywall finishing.
Before beginning the installation, the room should be at a stable temperature (60–70°F) and humidity level (40–60%) for at least one week. This ensures that the subfloor and surrounding environment are stable and suitable for installation.
A preliminary inspection of the flooring should also be conducted to check for grade, color, finish, and quality. Any irregularities, such as defects or inconsistencies, should be reported to the vendor immediately. The installer or owner is responsible for inspecting and accepting the flooring, and any visible defects in installed flooring will not be covered by the manufacturer.
Handling and Storage of Bamboo Flooring
During the installation process, it is important to handle the bamboo flooring with care to avoid damage. Any planks that appear questionable in terms of grade, manufacturing, or finish should not be used. These pieces should be set aside and not discarded, as they may be required for a return or refund.
All flooring should be installed in its original packaging to ensure that it can be returned if necessary. AmbientBP only accepts returns in the original carton packaging, so it is essential to keep the boxes intact until the installation is complete.
In addition, the installer should not use excessive force when cutting or installing the planks, as this can cause splintering or damage to the surface. A 40-tooth or greater CARBIDE saw blade is recommended for clean and precise cuts.
Cleaning and Maintenance Recommendations
Proper cleaning and maintenance are essential to preserve the appearance and longevity of bamboo flooring. It is important to avoid using paint thinner, mineral spirits, turpentine, or abrasive chemicals, as these can irreparably damage the finish.
Before using any cleaning agents, it is recommended to test them on a sacrificial plank to ensure they do not cause any adverse effects. In general, dry or slightly damp mops should be used for cleaning, and wet or steam mops should be avoided, as they can introduce excess moisture and lead to warping or cupping.
Regular sweeping or vacuuming is recommended to remove dust and debris that can scratch the surface over time. For deeper cleaning, a pH-neutral cleaner specifically designed for bamboo or wood flooring should be used.
Frequently Asked Questions
To help installers make informed decisions, AmbientBP provides answers to common questions regarding bamboo flooring installation:
How is bamboo flooring installed?
Bamboo flooring is installed similarly to traditional hardwood flooring and can be installed using floating, glue-down, or nail-down methods. Each method has specific requirements and is suitable for different subfloor types and conditions.What is the most economical installation method?
The nail-down method is considered the most economical and fastest installation option. It is recommended to use a 15 lb felt paper as an underlayment. However, it is important to note that felt paper does not serve as a moisture barrier, so additional measures may be necessary in high-moisture environments.Is a special nail gun required for nail-down installation?
Due to the higher density of strand bamboo and eucalyptus flooring compared to traditional hardwood, a more powerful nail gun may be required. Installers are advised to rent or borrow a suitable nail gun if their current equipment is not adequate.
Final Precautions and Recommendations
To ensure a successful installation, it is important to follow all manufacturer guidelines and recommendations. The following precautions should be taken into account:
- Always acclimate the flooring for a minimum of 72 hours in the installation environment.
- Use a 3 in 1 underlayment for floating installations and a 15 lb felt paper for nail-down installations.
- Maintain a stable humidity level between 40% and 60% to prevent dimensional changes.
- Avoid using wet or steam mops for cleaning.
- Do not use abrasive or chemical cleaners that can damage the finish.
- Inspect the flooring for defects before installation and do not install any questionable pieces.
By following these guidelines, installers can ensure that the bamboo flooring performs well over time and maintains its aesthetic appeal.
Conclusion
Bamboo flooring offers a sustainable and durable option for modern flooring needs. However, its successful installation depends on careful preparation, adherence to manufacturer recommendations, and attention to environmental conditions. AmbientBP’s installation guidelines provide a comprehensive framework for installers to follow, covering acclimation, installation methods, subfloor preparation, radiant heat compatibility, and maintenance practices.
By understanding the specific requirements for each installation method and being mindful of humidity and moisture control, installers can achieve a high-quality result that meets both functional and aesthetic expectations.