American Farm Works electric fence energizers, manufactured by Woodstream Corporation, are widely used for livestock containment and perimeter security. These energizers are available in both AC-powered and solar-powered variants, with the latter designed to operate effectively over extensive fence lines—up to 30 miles in the case of the AC-powered model and 2 miles for the solar-powered version. This article provides a detailed overview of the installation process, safety considerations, performance factors, and maintenance requirements for these energizers, based on the official documentation provided by the manufacturer.
Introduction
Electric fencing systems are an effective and efficient solution for controlling livestock and securing property boundaries. American Farm Works offers a range of energizers tailored to different fencing needs and environmental conditions. The solar-powered models are particularly well-suited for remote locations where access to a reliable power grid is limited. These energizers require careful installation, adherence to safety protocols, and periodic testing to ensure optimal performance. The following sections outline the key steps and considerations involved in setting up and maintaining an American Farm Works electric fence system.
Installation Overview
The installation of an American Farm Works electric fence energizer involves several critical steps, from choosing the installation location to connecting the ground system and fence line. The process is outlined in the user manuals and installation guides provided by the manufacturer, with special attention given to solar-powered models due to their reliance on sunlight and battery charging.
Step 1: Mounting the Energizer
The first step in installation is to mount the energizer in a suitable location. For solar-powered models, the unit must be placed in direct sunlight to ensure proper battery charging. The manufacturer recommends using either a T-post or a wood post for mounting, with adjustable settings that allow for seasonal adjustments to optimize sunlight exposure. The spring/fall setting is typically recommended for general use, but users may adjust the angle depending on the season to maximize solar efficiency.
For both T-post and wood post installations, the energizer should be mounted at a height that is easily accessible for maintenance and testing while remaining out of reach of animals and vegetation. Proper mounting ensures the unit remains secure and functional over time.
Step 2: Connecting Ground and Fence Terminals
After mounting the energizer, the next step is to connect the ground and fence terminals. This process is essential for the proper functioning of the fence system. The energizer must be grounded using three ground rods, each 6 to 8 feet in length. These rods should be driven into the ground at least 10 feet apart to ensure a low-resistance path for the electrical current.
Ground rod clamps are used to connect the ground rods to the energizer's ground terminal. The manufacturer emphasizes the importance of a well-grounded system, as improper grounding can significantly reduce fence performance and increase the risk of electrical shock.
The fence terminal is then connected to the energizer using insulated hook-up wire. The wire must be long enough to reach from the energizer to the first section of the fence line. The manual recommends using 20 KV insulated wire for both the ground and fence connections to ensure durability and safety.
Step 3: Connecting to the Ground System
Once the ground and fence terminals are connected, the energizer must be integrated into the ground system. This involves connecting the ground rods to the energizer's ground terminal and ensuring all connections are secure and free from corrosion. A proper ground system is critical for the efficient operation of the fence, as it provides a return path for the electrical current.
The manual also warns that dry, rocky, or sandy soils can negatively affect ground system performance. In such conditions, additional ground rods may be necessary to improve conductivity and reduce resistance. Users are advised to test the ground system regularly using a fence tester to ensure it remains in optimal condition.
Step 4: Connecting to the Fence Line
After the ground system is established, the energizer must be connected to the fence line. This is done by attaching the insulated hook-up wire from the fence terminal to the first section of the fence. The wire should be routed along the fence line, ensuring it is not damaged by vegetation or other obstructions.
The fence line must be constructed using appropriate materials, such as high-tensile wire or polywire, and supported by sturdy posts. Insulators must be used at regular intervals to prevent the electrical current from shorting to the ground. The manual specifies that fence wires should be spaced at least 4 inches apart to ensure proper electrical separation and prevent arcing.
Step 5: Powering the Energizer
Once all connections are made, the energizer is powered on. For solar-powered models, the unit must be placed in direct sunlight and turned off for three days before use to allow the battery to charge fully. Failure to do so may result in reduced performance and inconsistent voltage output.
For AC-powered models, the energizer is connected to a standard electrical outlet. Users should ensure that the power source is stable and that the energizer is not connected to any mains-operated equipment, as this can interfere with performance and pose a safety risk.
After powering the energizer, users should avoid touching the fence terminal or fence wire to prevent electrical shock. The energizer will begin outputting voltage immediately, and it is important to verify that the fence is functioning correctly before allowing animals or people near it.
Safety Considerations
Safety is a key concern when installing and operating an American Farm Works electric fence energizer. The user manuals emphasize the importance of reading and following all safety warnings before use. The following precautions should be observed to minimize the risk of injury or equipment damage:
Read All Instructions: Before installation or operation, users must read and understand all instructions provided in the user manual. This includes safety warnings, installation procedures, and maintenance requirements.
Grounding Requirements: The energizer must be properly grounded to reduce the risk of electrical shock. A correctly installed ground system provides a low-resistance path for electrical current and ensures the unit functions efficiently.
Avoid Tampering with the Unit: Users are advised not to remove the energizer's cover or attempt to modify the unit in any way. Doing so can void the warranty and increase the risk of electrical shock.
Never Electrify Barbed Wire: The manual explicitly warns against using the energizer to electrify barbed wire. The barbs can cause serious injury if animals become entangled in the fence.
Battery Handling: For battery-powered models, users should disconnect the battery before recharging to avoid damaging the unit or the charger. Failure to do so may void the warranty and result in reduced battery life.
Weather Conditions: Snow, dry soils, and excessive vegetation can all affect fence performance. Users should regularly inspect and maintain the fence line to ensure it remains free from obstructions and in optimal working condition.
Performance Factors
Several factors can influence the performance of an American Farm Works electric fence energizer. Understanding these factors is essential for maximizing the effectiveness of the fence system:
Ground System Integrity: A well-maintained ground system is crucial for the proper functioning of the fence. Poor grounding can lead to reduced voltage output and inconsistent performance. Users should test the ground system regularly and make adjustments as needed.
Vegetation and Obstructions: Brush, weeds, and other vegetation can interfere with the fence's electrical current. Users are advised to keep the base of the fence free from plant growth and to trim back any branches or plants that come into contact with the fence line.
Battery Charge: For solar-powered models, the battery must be fully charged before use. The manual specifies that the energizer should be placed in direct sunlight and turned off for three days to allow the battery to charge. An insufficiently charged battery can result in reduced performance and inconsistent voltage output.
Weather Conditions: Snow, dry, rocky, or sandy soils can all impact fence performance. Users should be aware of these conditions and take appropriate measures to ensure the fence remains functional.
Insulator Condition: Cracked or broken insulators can cause the electrical current to short to the ground, reducing the effectiveness of the fence. Users should inspect the fence line regularly and replace any damaged insulators.
Fence Wire Spacing: The manual specifies that fence wires should be at least 4 inches apart to prevent arcing and ensure proper electrical separation. Users should follow this guideline when constructing or maintaining the fence line.
Testing and Maintenance
Regular testing and maintenance are essential for ensuring the long-term performance of an American Farm Works electric fence energizer. The user manual provides detailed instructions for testing the ground system, fence line, and energizer performance.
Ground System Testing
To test the ground system, users should use a fence tester to measure the resistance between the ground rods and the earth. A low resistance reading indicates a properly grounded system. If the resistance is high, additional ground rods may be necessary to improve conductivity.
Fence Line Testing
Testing the fence line involves measuring the voltage output at various points along the fence. A consistent voltage reading indicates that the fence is functioning properly. If the voltage drops significantly at any point, users should inspect the fence line for obstructions, damaged insulators, or poor connections.
Energizer Performance Testing
To test the energizer's performance, users should use a fence tester to measure the voltage output at the fence terminal. The energizer should produce a consistent and stable voltage output. If the voltage is inconsistent or fluctuates, users should check the ground system, fence line, and battery charge to identify the cause.
Warranty and Support
American Farm Works offers a 30-day full warranty and a 3-year limited warranty on all new solar energizers. The warranty covers defects in materials and workmanship, as well as damage caused by lightning. To qualify for warranty coverage, users must retain their proof of purchase and register their energizer online at the manufacturer's website.
The limited warranty does not apply to defects caused by improper installation, misuse, product alterations, tampering, or neglect. Users are advised to follow all installation and maintenance instructions carefully to ensure their energizer remains under warranty.
For customer support, product registration, or service inquiries, users should contact Tractor Supply Company or Zareba Systems. The manufacturer also provides a list of certified repair centers and instructions for returning units for service.
Conclusion
American Farm Works electric fence energizers are a reliable and effective solution for livestock containment and perimeter security. These units are available in both AC-powered and solar-powered variants, with installation and maintenance requirements that vary depending on the model. Proper installation, grounding, and testing are essential for ensuring optimal performance and safety. By following the guidelines provided in the user manual, users can maximize the effectiveness of their fence system and ensure it remains functional for years to come.